医药化工废气收集安全的这些要点，你知道吗？
发布日期：2023-12-13
阅读量：341
本文从大的原则方面分析医药化工废气收集过程中需要注意的安全要点，具体还得结合企业生产工艺，废气成分、废气性质、处理工艺等方面，详细进行废气收集管路的布局，在保证安全的前提下，做到“应收尽收、分类收集、分质处理”。
Part.1 反应釜废气安全设计要点
(1)对于常压反应釜产生的废气和高压反应釜、氢化反应釜等分开收集，不应在车间内部进行混合。因为高压反应釜、氢化反应釜放空尾气浓度较高，同时不含氧气，如果和常压反应釜尾气混合，则会使氧气混入其中，就有发生爆炸的风险。
(2)不同性质的废气分开收集，特别是有反应性的废气。
(3)废气收集支管从主管中心线以上接入，防止从主管底部接入造成冷凝液回流进反应釜，污染产品。
(4)废气支管应由上方接入废气总管，支管与总管应成45℃斜接。
(5)废气收集管道按一定的坡度（不小于3‰）进行敷设，并在最低点、转角处设置排污口，定期排出管道中的冷凝液。
(6)收集管道选材考虑导静电，同时管道的设计流速不能太快，一般控制在15m/s以内。
(7)氢气是易燃易爆气体，与空气混合后易形成爆炸性混合物，为防止空气进入系统内，保证安全生产，应在氢气放空管系统设置液封装置。
(8)充氮气保护反应釜、离心机尾气放空管系统应设置液封装置，此处不应采用阻火器代替。
(9)废气收集主管出车间外墙处加装阻火器，废气收集管道不应穿防火墙。
Part.2 真空泵尾气安全设计要点
真空泵尾气浓度高，流速大，应单独收集，避免和反应釜废气收集管道混合后，造成反应釜排气受阻，同时也避免高浓度废气混入氧气产生爆炸的风险。
Part.3 投料口含尘废气安全设计要点
生产粉尘大部分有易燃易爆性，因此含尘废气收集管道要求内壁比较光滑，减少产生静电的风险；同时管道设计流速要大（一般在15m/s以上），避免粉尘在管道中聚集。
Part.4 废气收集主管安全设计要点
主管道应每隔一定距离设置法兰连接，并在靠近生产车间处预留废气接入口，方便后期管道检修作业，避免动火，减少安全隐患。
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